Elizabeth Catlett essays

Elizabeth Catlett essays Women in the Visual Arts Perspective 2330A Elizabeth Catlett is a famous African American artist. Catlett was born in 1919 in Washington D.C. Her grandparents were former slaves. Catletts grandparents were freed from slavery, and after they were freed they decided that they wanted better lives for their children which were Catletts parents. Catlett created art works that related to her struggle of being an African American woman. Catlett would not separate her work from her African American heritage. Catlett would not separate her art work from the people. She felt that she could express the struggles of her people through her art work. Catlett faced many struggles because of her ethnic background. She faced many problems when she was younger and pursuing her career as an artist. Catlett faced two major problems she was a woman, and the other problem she faced was being African American. Catlett was an instructor, graphic artist, and a teacher. She has many works of art she has completed including: Sharecropper it was made from wood completed in 1970, Pensive made of bronze completed in 1946, Negro Es Bello made from lithograph completed in 1968, Malcolm Speaks To Us made from linocut completed in 1969, Singing Head made of marble completed in 1970, Elvira made from terra cota completed in 1997, and Homage To My Young Black Sisters made from cedar wood completed in 1968 e.t.c. Catlett had a famous work Mother And Child that won the American Negro Exhibition in Chicago in 1940. Catlett plays a very important part of women roles in visual arts history. Catlett came from parents that were very talented. Her father was a very intelligent man. Her father was a professor of mathematics, a musician, composer, and a sculptor. Catletts father taught Booker T. Washington. Catlett followed in the foot steps of her father, she became a teacher. She was a teacher in Durham, North ...

Vietnam War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Vietnam War - Research Paper Example will become mired in other foreign affairs quagmires which again will weaken the military, economic strength and its political status within the world community. This same lesson was never learned by the long defunct Roman Empire. A similar outcome looms for America if it continues to replicate the mistake that was Vietnam. A result of justifications emanating from Cold War, anti-communism sentiments, Vietnam became the standard by which American military power limitations can be measured. Following the allied defeat of Japan in 1945, the U.S. became embroiled in a battle over military power and political ideology with the former Soviet Union that was showcased on a world-wide scale for more than four decades, the Cold War. Communism was America’s declared enemy during this era. The U.S. drew a symbolic line in the sand in Southeast Asia after the Soviets built the Berlin Wall and continued in its aspirations to dominate other Eastern European nations. The fiasco that was Viet nam triggered anti-military reactions for the majority of Americans whose subsequent response contributed to the Cold War’s end. Vietnam also forced America to rethink the fundamental purpose of its military power and question the scope of its capability to force it’s will in foreign nations whether, for example, in the deserts of the Middle East or the jungles of Southeast Asia. In addition the U.S. was forced to question its general foreign policy viewpoint and subsequent strategies. (Hogan, 2006) â€Å"U.S. foreign policy, from its abandonment of isolationism at the ending of the 19th century to its status as the sole remaining superpower, has always been centered on the promotion and conservation of its own interests and ‘the advancement of civilization,’ the exercise of power to assert itself beyond the bounds of the American continents in ‘the interest of civilization and of humanity’ and its own selfish interests.† (Olney, 2004) This re-evaluation phase lasted about 40 years, from the mid-1970’s until early 2003. The U.S. enjoined the Cold War period, Vietnam War and invasion of Iraq to ostensibly spread democracy to subjugated peoples of the world (the official explanation) and with great confidence of victory. Both military conflicts offered a comparable paradigm: the capability of the U.S. to utilize its armed forces as a political, social and ideological tool is limited. indisputably, America entered Vietnam with somewhat of a arrogance assuming the North Vietnamese would bow to the powerful American military and that the South Vietnamese would gladly accept and adjust to a western nation style of democratic governance. Former U.S. national Security Advisor under President Nixon and Secretary of State (1973-1977) Henry Kissinger stated America entered Vietnam with a â€Å"brash confidence in the universal applicability of America’s prescriptions.† (Kissinger, 2003) The ironic epilog ue to the U.S. involvement in Vietnam is that America entered into this horrific and bloody and enduring conflict believing it to be the ‘knight in shining armor’ for the South Vietnamese people. Its leaders did this without appreciating that the South Vietnamese were fighting to be free from a North Vietnamese government that symbolized the same colonialist, imperialistic ideology as did the American government. (Ignatieff, 2003) This lack of military success in Vietnam was not because the U.S. lacked fire-power. It was due to a failure to understand the opponent. Although

Acheulean hand axes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Acheulean hand axes - Essay Example that much research has been conducted to determine the antiquity, stratigraphic context and the associated middle Pleistocene stone tools of the Narmada man. Accordingly Mccowns discoveries can be useful to the paleoanthropologists of the 21st century. In the document one the findings is from central India in Narmada and Tapti valley. The researcher anticipated to study the prehistoric archaeological problems of the Pleistocene time. He studied the region around Narmada river and the tools found indicated the presence of man. He however discovered four main problems among other the use of infer climate model by pre- historian that seemed imperfect in India. He proceeds to japan where he has a conversation with a PhD archaeological candidate who had excavated Narmada (Kennedy and Langstroth 2013:2). They excavated yeldari dam and Purna River. In Narmada MSA materials are found in the river banks. The same materials are found between mandia and jabulpur. In Kamharabna, ESA tools were found appearing on several good and hand axes. The second document was composed of typed field notes by Mrs Shrkurkin who was among the team that had worked with McCown. The document contains several discoveries made at various points during the study. In a nutshell it is a summary of the discoveries that they had made during their survey, much of the tools discovered according to this document were MSA tools. The third document composed of a letter that McCown had written to his wife while surveying mula dam, a place where LSA tools were found. Including the elephant molar teeth (Kennedy and Langstroth 2013:7). In his discussion of the research done by McCown, the author notes that in this period only primary relative dating methods were used. However, in the 21st century more advanced dating method such as absolute dating method are used. The discovery of Acheulian tools in Narmada River or valley is an indication for the middle Pleistocene and later geological deposits in the

Womens Role in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example for Free

Womens Role in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay Huckleberry Finn has many prominent female characters. They all serve different roles, some are caretakers and, others are dependents. The individual women are very independent and sometimes more dominant than men, while the women in groups rely on men. The individual women, such as the Aunts, Miss Watson, and Widow Douglas, were all self-sufficient, hard working women. They were all educated, and have high morels. None of them could easily be scammed; although Aunt Sally was mislead, she questioned the actions of Huck and Tom. They did truly care about the boys, which is shown in Aunt Polly, Toms guardian, and Miss Watson and Widow Douglas, Hucks guardians. They put themselves second in order to give the boys a good home, but never ask for compensation. Even after Tom left Aunt Pollys house, she did not reject him, she straightened Huck and Toms identities out and scolded them for their mishaps. In her household, Aunt Sally dominated over her husband, Uncle Phelps. She was able to hold him responsible for anything and he would take the blame then fix the problem. She had the respect of every family member because her duty was to keep the household in order. The single women had strong characters and morels but did not lack concern for others. Women in groups were portrayed as unwise, overly trusting, and simple. The Wilks sisters, Mary Jane, Susan and Joanna, relied on their uncles, who were two con men trying to take advantage of them, when their father died. They put total trust in the uncles. Enough trust to give the uncles all their money to be invest. They were dependent because they had never been without a guardian and have no way of knowing what to do in that situation. They depended on the men in their lives to make a living, so when two men step up and take the role they did not question it. When they realized they had been deceived, they were disappointed but ended up having their real uncles to care for them. Mary Janes innocence is shown by her reaction to the separation of the slave family; she spends hours crying and pitying them but never did anything to help the situation. The three sisters represent women in units that were depicted as foolish and innocent. Women in Huckleberry Finn are both naive, in groups, and intelligent, as individuals. The women have opposite roles in the adventure. Some are used to make Huck an appalling character and others are to display his respectable qualities. More of the women are self-reliant than contingent on others.

Feminine Perspective within Othello :: Othello essays

Feminine Perspective within Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   In William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello, the male characters far outnumber the female ones. This may tend to cause the feminine viewpoint to be shortchanged. Let’s not let that happen – by consideration of same in this essay.    In the essay â€Å"Wit and Witchcraft: an Approach to Othello† Robert B. Heilman discusses involvement in the play by Emilia, the wife of Iago:    Emilia’s picking up the handkerchief helps advance the action by contributing to Iago’s deception of Othello, but it is also relevant to her character and to Shakespeare’s conception of the modes of wifely devotion and marital relationship (not to mention its relations by contrast with actions of Desdemona and Bianca and of Emilia herself later). (330)    It was Emilia’s gift of the decorated kerchief to her husband that set up Desdemona for murder. Helen Gardner in â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune† talks of Emilia’s outlook on things:    Emilia’s silence while her mistress lived is fully explicable in terms of her character. She shares with her husband the generalizing trick and is well used to domestic scenes. The jealous, she knows,    are not ever jealous for the cause But jealous for they are jealous.    If it was not the handkerchief it would be something else. Why disobey her husband and risk his fury? It would not do any good. This is what men are like. But Desdemona dead sweeps away all such generalities and all caution. At this sight, Emilia though ‘the world is a huge thing’ finds that there is a thing she will not do for it. By her heroic disregard for death she gives the only ‘proof’ there can be of Desdemona’s innocence: the testimony of faith. For falseness can be proved, innocence can only be believed. Faith, not evidence, begets faith. (145)    At the outset of the play only the male perspective is given: Iago persuades the rejected suitor of Desdemona, Roderigo, to accompany him to the home of Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, in the middle of the night. Once there the two awaken the senator with loud shouts about his daughter’s elopement with Othello. In response to the noise and Iago’s vulgar descriptions of Desdemona’s involvement with the general, Brabantio arises from bed. With Roderigo’s help, he gathers a search party to go and find Desdemona and bring her home.

Lincoln Electric expansion to India Essay

Market entry strategy involves the essential requirement for a company to get into international level. The need of involving other companies whereby two companies join together is referred to as joint venture entry. They get into a similar market and make the same production with the aim of sharing risk and at the same time they share the profit according to their terms of agreement (Kretzberg, 2007). Therefore, Lincoln Electric Company has a chance to join with other company to venture in the Indian market. Through the joint venture strategy in Indian market, Lincoln Electric has a chance of attracting wider market share in the region. The major consideration is done through extensive study of the market situation through various considerations. Market environment has a wide consideration depending on the factors such as political, social and economic integration. The basic considerations that Lincoln Company has to consider are directed in achievement in the market increase (Hastings, 1995). Concerning the Indian market structure, introduction of welding company is essential in reference to the technological improvement. The factors concerning the technology in the region, it covers the different aspects especially in developing market. While considering joint venture strategy in international market, the major considerations are made depending on business environment. This involves political, economic and social culture of the region. External environment Political status of the region helps in decision making regarding international marketing and business establishment. The major factors are on the risks that are involved while setting the business and the response from the market. The references are done in respect to the intention of the company and the level of investment (North & Trabajo, 1997). Lincoln Electric has a high chance of introducing its operation at Indian industries due to stability in the political field. The issues regarding the political  situation in India are attractive to the investors. There is no major threat regarding the Lincoln Electric company investing in the region. The Lincoln Electric company has to take advantages of the political situation in India. The Indian government offers full support in the provision of security and ensuring investments are safeguarded. On international investors, the government acknowledges their participation in the provision of employment in the region (Theobald, 2008). Therefore, they take high initiative in protecting the companies through different acts regarding business and industries. The political will in Indian government in upholding the foreign companies ensures development throughout. Therefore, political stability of the country has a major effect on the business setting and its operation. Economics background India has a promising economic situation whereby investors consider it as a strong initiative leading to prosperity. Lincoln Electric Company has to consider long term condition regarding the market and economy of the region. The basis of market and competition helps in introducing appropriate measures regarding the future of the Lincoln Electric company. The management has chosen appropriately the markets that have a promising future and having the market structure that have the capability of improvement (Majumdar & Saad, 2005). The competitions in the region are based on the development capacity. Lincoln Electric Company deals with the electrical materials and hence taking advantage of Indian market. Through the technological improvement in the region, the Lincoln Electric company has the chances of improving the production. The major aim is connected to market share increase through innovative strategies in technology. India is a superior country that the company ought to invest in since it has a wider market that requires the electrical materials. Few industries in the country provide the required electrical materials. Hence, it would be vital for the Lincoln Electric Company to expand its operations in this country. Huge profits will result from the company expanding its operations to India. The average sale of the company’s products will improve; it will hence be able to produce more products for the India market (Fratianni, 2006). Different tools can be used to analyze the expansion of this company in India. The expansion of the company will have different inferences; the company may get  high level of profits or get losses. Profits can use as a good measure of the company’s expansion in a certain region. The success of the company is normally measured by the level of profits that it generates by involving itself in a certain venture. In this case this company is completing whet her to enter the India market or not. It is recommendable for the company to enter India market since there is high demand for its products in the country (Hafford-Letchfield, 2010). Though its products received mixed reactions from China and Japan, the company can take encouragement from the fact that the Indian market did not compose of many electrical companies like in the case of china and Japan. The degree of competition in India is low while the demand is high. Applying the law of demand and supply, entry to the Indian market will signify an increase in the profits of the company (Kuada, 2008). The demand for its products would be in the rise in this country. The performance of the welding materials in Asia countries for the country in the early years was not as expected for the country. There were mixed reactions for its products across the consumers. The reactions arose from trade restrictions that were imposed by the governments. Companies were to produce consumer products at low cost, and hence they would be provided to the consumers at low costs. This then gives the company a hectic decision, and they have to resolve to enter the market of not (Combe, 2006, p. 108). If the company enters this market, it can expect anything to happen, it may either get improved profits or in turn it would get losses. The companies to India would imply that the company will increase its market share across different regions in India. It would then be possible to market itself to the locals by having its local company. The company’s improved sales would also imply that the company would be able to compete with other multinational companies that deal in the manufacture of welding and electrical products. India is among the growing countries, and attributed by the country’s GDP growth is high. The market is important, and its annual GDP is relatively high that of Latin countries combined together. India is projected to be an economic powerhouse in the next coming years (Kretzberg, 2007). This implies that the country is doing well economically, and it is, therefore, vital for the Lincoln Company to join the Indian market. The company need o considerate some vital aspect before it have resolved on expanding to the Indian market. It should  carefully analyze the market situation in the country (Chadwick, 2002). This helps the company to analyze the competitors of its products. Competitors are vital; the company should be more realistic and come up with strategies that would help it deal with competition. Strategy that the company should use to enter the Indian market (joint venture) Joint venture is essential for the Lincoln Electric company entering new market; it can enter the market on different grounds. The Indian welding market is made of three large competitors and small companies that sell their products at low discount (McClave & Benson, 1988). Considering the performance of the three companies in this market, the level of competition is high. The entry of Lincoln Company would hence impact the market, and high level of compilation would be witnessed. Since the Lincoln Company is well-establis hed company with different multinational companies in different countries, it should then stand on its own and provide its products to this market. As noted from the provided context different companies that tried to enter the market by either merging or acquisition found it rough to make it in the market (Miles, 2014, p. 153). Since the company is well financially grounded and wants to establish itself as a global, multinational, it should then make all the necessary structures required to enter this market. All the basic installation needed should be adopted by the company so that it can be in a position to compete with other companies in the market The company should establish itself on its own since it would signify an element of intent that would increase competition with its rivals (Tsoukas & Chia, 2011, p. 421). The company is also in a position to expand its production capacity when it has formed the company on its own. It would not be tired to commitments resulting from companies merging. The joint venture is a strategic entry of this company should be based on the formation of a new company that would use different inp uts in the production of its product. This strategy is important since- as noted in the China case the company should form the establish itself on its own since legal issues might arise in the case that the company enters the market in partnership with other companies. Partnership would restrict the growth of the firm, and there would be a dispute in profits sharing. It was also noted that the right decisions could not be made in the right time, and it took time while making decisions affecting the company. Due to the increase in the demand welding materials  in South Korea the company’s distributor could not cater for the requirements needed by the shipping companies. The Company could have catered for the demand if it had established its own company dealing in the production of welding materials. This then forms the base for the company to establish its plant in demand so as to cater for the future changes in demand (Tompkins, 2005). This is possible in the case that the company is able to adopt new technology in manufacturing its products. Lincoln could not cater for the demand of his products across South Korea since his was not involved in the manufacture of the materials while in South Korea. In Japan, the company production was limited; the company did not have any market link and hence was not involved in the final market demand of the products. The company faced many challenges while in its operation like the poor power supply. The power system was impaired hence the company could not function to optimality (Robert French & Vince, 1999). The company should have entered the Japan market with all the necessary machines that are needed to produce its product hence it would be in a position to compete with the other competitors in this region. It is hence ideal for a company to enter the Indian market on it owns since it would cope with all the challenges without delaying its production. Entering the market in any other form would imply that the company would not be to handle the pressure that results from competitors (Daft, 2001, p. 212). The Indian market is demands welding materials hence the company should establish a renowned plant to help in the manufacture of its products. Challenges faced by adopting this approach It is hard for the company to establish itself with the other competitors in India. The Indian market is made of different companies that deal in the production of welding materials. Establishing its products requires the company to use advanced marketing strategies that would outdo the competitors. Conclusion The company needs to apply strategic management rules, which would help it establish its strength and weakness. This approach requires the company to sets its goals and objectives that would help it to identify the risks that are associated with its operations. The company should keenly analyze the  key aspects that might hinder its operations, and the factors might be internal or the external factors. Analyzing the situations would help it to gather momentum, and, hence, would cope with competition from rivals. The company might find it hard to make in the market since some of the consumers would not regard its products. Another challenge, which the company would face, is a huge capital outlay that it requires to establish itself. Since the company is establishing a new plant, it would need a lot of money to make the structures and buy equipments. The legal process needed to establish the plant may be cumbersome; hence the firm may take time to start its operations in the country. Some government procedures required to establish the company may take time before they are provided by the government, these are like the licenses needed to establish the company. References CHADWICK, R. ( 2002). Business and economics. London: Routledge. COMBE, C. ( 2006). Introduction to e-business : management and strategy. Amsterdam ; Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann. DAFT, R. L. ( 2001). Organization theory and design. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub. FRATIANNI, M. (2006). Regional economic integration. Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier JAI. HAFFORD-LETCHFIELD, T. (2010). Social care management, strategy and business planning. London ; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. HASTINGS, D. F. (1995). The Lincoln Electric Company: the actual is limited– the possible is immense. New York, Newcomen Society of the United States. KRETZBERG, A. (2007). Market entry strategies for emerging economies. Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang KUADA, J. (2008). International market analysis theories and methods. Adonis and Abbey. MAJUMDAR, M. A., & SAAD, M. (2005). Transition and development in Algeria : economic, social and cultural challenges. Bristol: Intellect. MCCLAVE, J. T., & BENSON, P. G. (1988). Statistics for business and economics. San Francisco: Dellen Pub. Co. MILES, J. A. ( 2014). New directions in management and organization theory. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. NORTH, K., & TRABAJO., O. I. (1997). Environmental business management : an introduction. Geneva: International Labour Office. ROBERT FRENCH, M., & VINCE, R. ( 1999). Group relations, management, and organization. New York: Oxford University Press. THEOBALD, R. H. (2008). Environmental management. New York: Nova Science Publishers. TOMPKINS, J. (2005). Organization theory and public management. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. TSOUKAS, H., & CHIA, R. C. ( 2011). Philosophy and organization theory. Bingley, UK: Emerald.

Reis, Elizabeth.Damned Women Sinners And Witches In Puritan

Reis, Elizabeth. Damned Women: Sinners and Witches in Puritan New England. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1997. Thesis: Reis argues that through reading about the colonial Puritan s conception of sin and Satan, readers will expand their cultural and historical understanding of how people act on their religious belief...and how those religiously informed actions both reflect and prescribe their own particular gender arrangements, often to the detriment of women (10). In short, women were negatively affected by the Puritan belief system when it came to witchcraft because of the gendered ideals of the colonial era in America. Themes: One of the first themes that appears in the text is fear. Fear was a driving force in†¦show more content†¦Within the Puritan world, the Bible (God s book) is present; during the witchcraft trials, the Devil s book becomes just as prevalent in discussions. During these witchcraft trials, good cannot present without evil, man without woman, God without Satan. In one of the later chapters of the text, Reis discusses an upsurge in women joining convents., but within that same timeframe, there was an upsurge in witch accusations, for every new nun, there was a new witch. A theme that is apparent throughout the text is gender/gender roles. Reis places a lot of emphasis on the idea of the feminine soul. Her third and fourth chapters discuss the role of gender with confessions and trials during the witchcraft era. On page 122 of the text, Reis discusses how women s evidence tended to be spectral while men placed more emphasis on physical/tangible evidence such as sick cows producing rancid milk. The devil even differentiated how he took dominion over women and men: women tended to claim harm to themselves, while men claimed harm to their property (117). These gendered ideas even spread past the earth when one considers how Reis argues for God and Satan acting as masculine warriors fighting for the feminine souls of humans (106). Evidentiary Base: Much of where Reis gets her information comes from primary sources. She utilizes the Salem Witchcraft Papers heavily throughout her text. She is also very much reliant